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	<title>haohtml&#039;s blog &#187; Ubuntu</title>
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		<title>ubuntu下pdf阅读器安装</title>
		<link>http://blog.haohtml.com/archives/12298</link>
		<comments>http://blog.haohtml.com/archives/12298#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 14 Dec 2011 13:12:01 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[服务器类]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pdf]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ubuntu]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.haohtml.com/?p=12298</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[在ubuntu下打开windows系统下的pdf文件，无法正常显示，只有乱码。 于是安装pdf阅读器，可直接在终端命令行输入如下命令： sudo apt-get install xpdf-chinese-simplified xpdf-chinese-traditional 就可以了。<table class="wumii-related-items" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" border="0"  style="clear: both;">
    
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>在ubuntu下打开windows系统下的pdf文件，无法正常显示，只有乱码。</p>
<p>于是安装pdf阅读器，可直接在终端命令行输入如下命令：</p>
<blockquote><p>sudo apt-get install xpdf-chinese-simplified xpdf-chinese-traditional</p></blockquote>
<p>就可以了。</p>
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		<title>Ubuntu安装Fcitx(小企鹅五笔输入法)</title>
		<link>http://blog.haohtml.com/archives/12295</link>
		<comments>http://blog.haohtml.com/archives/12295#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 14 Dec 2011 12:22:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[服务器类]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[输入法]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Fcitx]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ubuntu]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Ubuntu自带的输入法不太尽如人意思，用起来也不方便，我在Ubuntu和FC中都是用Fcitx，很好用！ 安装配置如下： 1. 安装 fcitx sudo apt-get install fcitx 2. 配置默认输入法为 fcitx im-switch -s fcitx　　// 注意无须加 sudo 3. 重启 x-window 重启之后，fcitx 输入法应当正常启动，输入条将显示在屏幕最上面，不过输入框中文显示可能是 “口口”，需要小小的改动。 4. 修改配置文件 gedit ~/.fcitx/config //如果没有配置gedit 支持GB18030编码，打开后文件会是乱码（此处针对9.10前版本，9.10无需配置已支持） 修改如下几项： 显示字体(中)=YaHei Consolas Hybrid   //主要是看你的OpenOffice中有什么字体，加进来就行。 Enter键行为=1 # =1表示回车时清除输入框中输入的内容，随个人喜好设置 上一页=, # 使用 , . 翻页，随个人喜好设置 下一页=. [输入法] 使用拼音=0 拼音名称=智能拼音 使用双拼=0 双拼名称=智能双拼 默认双拼方案=自然码 使用区位=0 区位名称=区位 使用码表=1 提示词库中的词组=1 其他输入法= [...]<table class="wumii-related-items" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" border="0"  style="clear: both;">
    
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Ubuntu自带的输入法不太尽如人意思，用起来也不方便，我在Ubuntu和FC中都是用Fcitx，很好用！</p>
<p>安装配置如下：</p>
<p><strong>1. 安装 fcitx</strong></p>
<p>sudo apt-get install fcitx</p>
<p><strong>2. 配置默认输入法为 fcitx</strong></p>
<p>im-switch -s fcitx　　// 注意无须加 sudo</p>
<p><strong>3. 重启 x-window</strong></p>
<p>重启之后，fcitx 输入法应当正常启动，输入条将显示在屏幕最上面，不过输入框中文显示可能是 “口口”，需要小小的改动。</p>
<p><strong><span id="more-12295"></span>4. 修改配置文件</strong></p>
<p>gedit ~/.fcitx/config</p>
<p>//如果没有配置gedit 支持GB18030编码，打开后文件会是乱码（此处针对9.10前版本，9.10无需配置已支持）</p>
<p>修改如下几项：</p>
<p>显示字体(中)=YaHei Consolas Hybrid   //<strong>主要是看你的OpenOffice中有什么字体，加进来就行</strong>。</p>
<p>Enter键行为=1 # =1表示回车时清除输入框中输入的内容，随个人喜好设置</p>
<p>上一页=, # 使用 , . 翻页，随个人喜好设置</p>
<p>下一页=.</p>
<p>[输入法]</p>
<p>使用拼音=0</p>
<p>拼音名称=智能拼音</p>
<p>使用双拼=0</p>
<p>双拼名称=智能双拼</p>
<p>默认双拼方案=自然码</p>
<p>使用区位=0</p>
<p>区位名称=区位</p>
<p>使用码表=1</p>
<p>提示词库中的词组=1</p>
<p>其他输入法=</p>
<p><strong>5. 修改码表文件</strong></p>
<p>sudo gedit /usr/share/fcitx/data/tables.conf</p>
<p>由于五笔拼音已经完全够用，其它输入法就没必要出现了，文件中只需留下如下内容，其它配置段可以清除或注释掉。</p>
<p>[码表]</p>
<p>名称=五笔拼音</p>
<p>码表=wbpy.mb</p>
<p>调频=2</p>
<p>拼音=1</p>
<p>拼音键=z</p>
<p>自动上屏=-1</p>
<p>空码自动上屏=-1<br />
自动词组=1<br />
精确匹配=0<br />
提示编码=0<br />
<strong>6、重启 x-window</strong><br />
重启 x-window 之后，小企鹅输入法中文显示将完全正常，且只有“五笔拼音”，免去了在多个输入法中来回切换的麻烦。</p>
<p><strong>Note： Restart 后小企鹅面板不是最上面，我们也以用[Ctrl+Alt+h]来把它调上来。</strong></p>
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		<title>Ubuntu 网络配置ip.重启</title>
		<link>http://blog.haohtml.com/archives/10226</link>
		<comments>http://blog.haohtml.com/archives/10226#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 04 Jul 2011 11:48:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[服务器类]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ubuntu]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[(1)Ubuntu Server修改IP 配置文件地址 /etc/network/interfaces 使用编辑器打开 加入以下语句： auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.1.11 #IP地址 netmask 255.255.255.0 #子网掩码 gateway 192.168.1.1 #网关 (2)Ubuntu Server修改DNS 配置文件地址 /etc/resolv.conf 使用编辑器打开 改为如下内容： search localdomain nameserver 202.96.128.86 希望修改成的DNS nameserver 202.96.128.166 备用DNS (3)Ubuntu Server最后一步，也是最重要的一步。 在rc.local里加入这个重启网络配置的命令： sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart  (4) 设置主机名称(hostname) 查看当前主机的主机名称: sudo /bin/hostname 修改名称: sudo /bin/hostname 新的名字 &#160;<table class="wumii-related-items" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" border="0"  style="clear: both;">
    
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</table>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>(1)Ubuntu Server修改IP</strong></p>
<p>配置文件地址 /etc/network/interfaces</p>
<p>使用编辑器打开</p>
<p>加入以下语句：</p>
<blockquote><p>auto eth0<br />
iface eth0 inet static<br />
address 192.168.1.11 #IP地址<br />
netmask 255.255.255.0 #子网掩码<br />
gateway 192.168.1.1 #网关</p></blockquote>
<p><strong>(2)Ubuntu Server修改DNS</strong></p>
<p>配置文件地址 /etc/resolv.conf</p>
<p>使用编辑器打开</p>
<p>改为如下内容：</p>
<blockquote><p>search localdomain<br />
nameserver 202.96.128.86 希望修改成的DNS<br />
nameserver 202.96.128.166 备用DNS</p></blockquote>
<p><strong>(3)Ubuntu Server最后一步，也是最重要的一步。</strong></p>
<p>在rc.local里加入这个重启网络配置的命令：</p>
<blockquote><p>sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart</p></blockquote>
<p><strong> (4) 设置主机名称(hostname)</strong></p>
<p>查看当前主机的主机名称:</p>
<blockquote><p>sudo /bin/hostname</p></blockquote>
<p>修改名称:</p>
<blockquote><p>sudo /bin/hostname 新的名字</p></blockquote>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
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</table>]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>启用 Ubuntu 中的 root 帐号</title>
		<link>http://blog.haohtml.com/archives/9487</link>
		<comments>http://blog.haohtml.com/archives/9487#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 22 May 2011 16:28:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[服务器类]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ubuntu]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.haohtml.com/?p=9487</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[其实我个人认为这没有多大必要，因为当你需要 root 的权限时，使用 sudo 便可以了。如果你实在需要在 Ubuntu 中启用 root 帐号的话，那么不妨执行下面的操作： sudo passwd root 此命令将会重新设置 root 的密码，按照提示输入新的密码，并加以确认。之后，重启系统时，就可以用 root 登录了。 如果你想要禁用 root 帐号，则执行下列命令： sudo passwd -l root<table class="wumii-related-items" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" border="0"  style="clear: both;">
    
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</table>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>其实我个人认为这没有多大必要，因为当你需要 root 的权限时，使用 sudo 便可以了。如果你实在需要在 Ubuntu 中启用 root 帐号的话，那么不妨执行下面的操作：</p>
<blockquote><p>sudo passwd root</p></blockquote>
<p>此命令将会重新设置 root 的密码，按照提示输入新的密码，并加以确认。之后，重启系统时，就可以用 root 登录了。</p>
<p>如果你想要禁用 root 帐号，则执行下列命令：</p>
<blockquote><p>sudo passwd -l root</p></blockquote>
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		<title>Ubuntu下apt-get 命令参数</title>
		<link>http://blog.haohtml.com/archives/5430</link>
		<comments>http://blog.haohtml.com/archives/5430#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 02 Sep 2010 05:54:37 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[服务器类]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ubuntu]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.haohtml.com/?p=5430</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[常用的APT命令参数 apt-cache search package 搜索包 apt-cache show package 获取包的相关信息，如说明、大小、版本等 sudo apt-get install package 安装包 sudo apt-get install package - - reinstall 重新安装包 sudo apt-get -f install 修复安装"-f = ――fix-missing" sudo apt-get remove package 删除包 sudo apt-get remove package - - purge 删除包，包括删除配置文件等 sudo apt-get update 更新源 sudo apt-get upgrade 更新已安装的包 sudo apt-get dist-upgrade 升级系统 sudo [...]<table class="wumii-related-items" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" border="0"  style="clear: both;">
    
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>常用的APT命令参数</p>
<p>apt-cache search package 搜索包</p>
<p>apt-cache show package 获取包的相关信息，如说明、大小、版本等</p>
<p>sudo apt-get install package 安装包</p>
<p>sudo apt-get install package - - reinstall 重新安装包</p>
<p>sudo apt-get -f install 修复安装"-f = ――fix-missing"</p>
<p>sudo apt-get remove package 删除包</p>
<p>sudo apt-get remove package - - purge 删除包，包括删除配置文件等</p>
<p>sudo apt-get update 更新源</p>
<p>sudo apt-get upgrade 更新已安装的包</p>
<p>sudo apt-get dist-upgrade 升级系统</p>
<p>sudo apt-get dselect-upgrade 使用 dselect 升级</p>
<p>apt-cache depends package 了解使用依赖 <span id="more-5430"></span></p>
<p>apt-cache rdepends package 是查看该包被哪些包依赖</p>
<p>sudo apt-get build-dep package 安装相关的编译环境</p>
<p>apt-get source package 下载该包的源代码</p>
<p>sudo apt-get clean &amp;&amp; sudo apt-get autoclean 清理无用的包</p>
<p>sudo apt-get check 检查是否有损坏的依赖<br />
<a name="entrymore"></a><br />
其中：</p>
<p>1 有SUDO的表示需要管理员特权！</p>
<p>2 在UBUNTU中命令后面参数为短参数是用“-”引出，长参数用“――”引出</p>
<p>3 命令帮助信息可用man 命令的方式查看或者</p>
<p>命令 -H（――help）方式查看</p>
<p>4 在MAN命令中需要退出命令帮助请按“q”键！！</p>
<p>选项 含义 作用</p>
<p>sudo -h Help 列出使用方法，退出。</p>
<p>sudo -V Version 显示版本信息，并退出。</p>
<p>sudo -l List 列出当前用户可以执行的命令。只有在sudoers里的用户才能使用该选项。</p>
<p>sudo -u username|#uid User 以指定用户的身份执行命令。后面的用户是除root以外的，可以是用户名，也可以是#uid。</p>
<p>sudo -k Kill 清除“入场卷”上的时间，下次再使用sudo时要再输入密码。</p>
<p>sudo -K Sure kill 与-k类似，但是它还要撕毁“入场卷”，也就是删除时间戳文件。</p>
<p>sudo -b command Background 在后台执行指定的命令。</p>
<p>sudo -p prompt command Prompt 可以更改询问密码的提示语，其中%u会代换为使用者帐号名称，%h会显示主机名称。非常人性化的设计。</p>
<p>sudo -e file Edit 不是执行命令，而是修改文件，相当于命令sudoedit。</p>
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		<title>Ubuntu/FreeBSD下Rsync同步镜像服务器配置教程</title>
		<link>http://blog.haohtml.com/archives/4984</link>
		<comments>http://blog.haohtml.com/archives/4984#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 07 Aug 2010 02:35:33 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[js框架]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[freebs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[rsync]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ubuntu]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.haohtml.com/?p=4984</guid>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="_mcePaste">主服务器：192.168.1.2 (Linux ubuntu 2.6.27-7-server)</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">从服务器：192.168.1.3 (FreeBSD 8.0-RELEASE-p2)</div>
<div>========== <strong>1&gt; 在两台主机上分别安装rsync</strong> ================</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">Ubuntu安装如下：</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">roger#apt-get install rsync</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">正常情况很快就安装完毕,rsync 服务器架设比较简单，可我们安装好rsync后，并没有发现配置文件以及rsync服</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">务器启动程序，因为每个管理员可能对rsync 用途不一样，所以一般的发行版只是安装好软件就完事了，让管理员来根据自己的用途和方向来自己架设rsync服务器。<span id="more-4984"></span></div>
<div id="_mcePaste">=========== <strong>2&gt; rsync服务器的配置</strong> ===============</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">在/etc目录下创建一个rsyncd的目录，我们用来存放rsyncd.conf，rsyncd.secrets和rsyncd.motd文件；</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">rsyncd.conf 是rsync服务器的主配置文件；</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">rsyncd.secrets是用户密码文件；</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">rsyncd.motd配置一些服务欢迎及说明信息；</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">a&gt;创建修改 rsyncd.conf</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">rsyncd.conf 是rsync服务器主要配置文件，我们来个简单的示例；比如我们要备份服务器上的 /tmp/目录 ，在/tmp/ 中，我想把test目录和test.php文件排除在外；</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">roger#cd /etc</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">roger#mkdir rsyncd</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">roger#cd rsyncd</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">roger#vim rsyncd.conf</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">写入(保证文件中每行没有空格):</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">下载: http://blog.eetag.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/rsync.conf</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">port = 873</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">address = 192.168.1.2</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">#uid = nobody</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">#gid = nobody</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">uid = root</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">gid = root</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">use chroot = yes</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">read only = yes</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">#limit access to private LANs</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">#设置可访问的主机：如果多个ip则用空格隔开：192.168.1.3 192.168.1.4 192.168.1.5或者设置区间 192.168.1.3/5</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">hosts allow=192.168.1.3</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">hosts deny=*</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">max connections = 5</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">motd file = /etc/rsyncd/rsyncd.motd</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">#This will give you a separate log file</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">log file = /var/log/rsync.log</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">#This will log every file transferred - up to 85,000+ per user, per sync</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">transfer logging = yes</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">log format = %t %a %m %f %b</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">syslog facility = local3</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">timeout = 300</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">#方括号中设置模块名</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">[linuxsirhome]</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">#要同步服务器的目录路径</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">path = /data/www/yy</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">list=yes</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">ignore errors</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">#auth users是必须在服务器上存在的真实的系统用户，如果你想用多个用户，那就以,号隔开；比如 auth users = roger,linuxsir</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">auth users = roger</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">#从服务器访问需要的密码文件</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">secrets file = /etc/rsyncd/rsyncd.secrets</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">comment = linuxsir tmp</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">#设置不同步的目录或文件用空格隔开</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">exclude = test/ test.php</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">b&gt; 创建修改密码文件rsyncd.secrets</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">roger#cd /etc/rsyncd</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">roger#vim rsyncd.secrets</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">写入：</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">roger:1q2w3e</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">退出保存。</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">修改权限密码文件的权限：</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">roger#chmod 600 rsyncd.secrets</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">c&gt; 创建修改rsync.motd文件</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">rsyncd.motd是定义rysnc 服务器信息的，也就是用户登录信息。比如让用户知道这个服务器是谁提供的等；类似ftp服务器登录时，我们所看到的 linuxsir.org ftp ……。 当然这在全局定义变量时，并不是必须的，你可以用#号注掉，或删除；如：</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">roger#vim rsyncd.motd</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">写入：</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">welcome!</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">============================== 3&gt; 启动rsync服务==============================</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">roger#/usr/bin/rsync --daemon --config=/etc/rsyncd/rsyncd.conf</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">============================== 4&gt; 主服务器已经配置好rsync！下面我们设置从服务器=========================</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">从服务器只需安装rsync即可，然后运行：</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">roger#/usr/local/bin/rsync -vzrtopg --progress ubuntu@192.168.1.2::linuxsirhome /tmp</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">#因为没有指定密码文件，所以需要手动输入主服务器上的设定的密码</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">输入密码：1q2w3e</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">roger是指定密码文件中的用户名</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">::linuxsirhome 表示在rsyncd.conf中设置的模块名</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">/tmp是从服务器目录(192.168.1.3/tmp)</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">到此为止，rsync的两台主机之间(192.168.1.2/tmp和192.168.1.3/tmp)的rsync同步已经配置完毕，只要在从服务器执行上述命令输入密码即可同步。</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">============================== 5&gt; 设置主从服务器定定时自动同步==============================</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">自动同步要用到从服务器上的cron服务，关于cron的介绍请参考：linux定时执行系统</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">我们在从服务器即192.168.1.3的/tmp目录下创建两个rsync.sh文件和rsync.secrets文件。</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">rsync.sh文件是cron要执行的脚本文件。</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">rsync.secrets是保存主服务器密码的文件。</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">a&gt; 创建rsync.sh文件</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">roger#cd /tmp</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">roger#vim rsync.sh</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">写入:</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">/usr/local/bin/rsync -vzrtopg --progress ubuntu@192.168.1.2::linuxsirhome /tmp --password-file=/tmp/rsync.secrets</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">退出保存。</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">b&gt; 创建rsync.secrets密码文件</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">roger#vim rsync.secrets</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">写入：</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">1q2w3e</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">退出保存并修改权限：</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">roger#chmod 600 rsync.secrets</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">c&gt; 配置cron服务</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">roger#crontab -e</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">添加一行：</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">*/1 * * * * /web/www/hiido/yy/rsync.sh //即每分钟同步一次</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">退出保存。</div>
<div id="_mcePaste">设置完毕，以后每隔一分钟即会把主服务器/tmp目录更新至从服务器/tmp。</div>
<p>主服务器：192.168.1.2 (Linux ubuntu 2.6.27-7-server)从服务器：192.168.1.3 (FreeBSD 8.0-RELEASE-p2)<br />
============================== 1&gt; 在两台主机上分别安装rsync ==============================<br />
Ubuntu安装如下：<br />
roger#apt-get install rsync</p>
<p>正常情况很快就安装完毕,rsync 服务器架设比较简单，可我们安装好rsync后，并没有发现配置文件以及rsync服务器启动程序，因为每个管理员可能对rsync 用途不一样，所以一般的发行版只是安装好软件就完事了，让管理员来根据自己的用途和方向来自己架设rsync服务器。<br />
============================== 2&gt; rsync服务器的配置 ==============================<br />
在/etc目录下创建一个rsyncd的目录，我们用来存放rsyncd.conf，rsyncd.secrets和rsyncd.motd文件；rsyncd.conf 是rsync服务器的主配置文件；rsyncd.secrets是用户密码文件；rsyncd.motd配置一些服务欢迎及说明信息；<br />
a&gt;创建修改 rsyncd.confrsyncd.conf 是rsync服务器主要配置文件，我们来个简单的示例；比如我们要备份服务器上的 /tmp/目录 ，在/tmp/ 中，我想把test目录和test.php文件排除在外；<br />
roger#cd /etc<br />
roger#mkdir rsyncd<br />
roger#cd rsyncd<br />
roger#vim rsyncd.conf</p>
<p>写入(保证文件中每行没有空格):<br />
下载: http://blog.eetag.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/rsync.conf<br />
pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid<br />
port = 873<br />
address = 192.168.1.2<br />
#uid = nobody<br />
#gid = nobody<br />
uid = root<br />
gid = root</p>
<p>use chroot = yes<br />
read only = yes</p>
<p>#limit access to private LANs<br />
#设置可访问的主机：如果多个ip则用空格隔开：192.168.1.3 192.168.1.4 192.168.1.5或者设置区间 192.168.1.3/5<br />
hosts allow=192.168.1.3<br />
hosts deny=*</p>
<p>max connections = 5<br />
motd file = /etc/rsyncd/rsyncd.motd</p>
<p>#This will give you a separate log file<br />
log file = /var/log/rsync.log</p>
<p>#This will log every file transferred - up to 85,000+ per user, per sync<br />
transfer logging = yes</p>
<p>log format = %t %a %m %f %b<br />
syslog facility = local3<br />
timeout = 300<br />
#方括号中设置模块名<br />
[linuxsirhome]<br />
#要同步服务器的目录路径<br />
path = /data/www/yy<br />
list=yes<br />
ignore errors<br />
#auth users是必须在服务器上存在的真实的系统用户，如果你想用多个用户，那就以,号隔开；比如 auth users = roger,linuxsir<br />
auth users = roger<br />
#从服务器访问需要的密码文件<br />
secrets file = /etc/rsyncd/rsyncd.secrets<br />
comment = linuxsir tmp<br />
#设置不同步的目录或文件用空格隔开<br />
exclude = test/ test.php</p>
<p>b&gt; 创建修改密码文件rsyncd.secrets<br />
roger#cd /etc/rsyncd<br />
roger#vim rsyncd.secrets</p>
<p>写入：<br />
roger:1q2w3e</p>
<p>退出保存。修改权限密码文件的权限：<br />
roger#chmod 600 rsyncd.secrets</p>
<p>c&gt; 创建修改rsync.motd文件rsyncd.motd是定义rysnc 服务器信息的，也就是用户登录信息。比如让用户知道这个服务器是谁提供的等；类似ftp服务器登录时，我们所看到的 linuxsir.org ftp ……。 当然这在全局定义变量时，并不是必须的，你可以用#号注掉，或删除；如：<br />
roger#vim rsyncd.motd</p>
<p>写入：<br />
welcome!</p>
<p>============================== 3&gt; 启动rsync服务==============================<br />
roger#/usr/bin/rsync --daemon --config=/etc/rsyncd/rsyncd.conf</p>
<p>============================== 4&gt; 主服务器已经配置好rsync！下面我们设置从服务器=========================<br />
从服务器只需安装rsync即可，然后运行：<br />
roger#/usr/local/bin/rsync -vzrtopg --progress ubuntu@192.168.1.2::linuxsirhome /tmp</p>
<p>#因为没有指定密码文件，所以需要手动输入主服务器上的设定的密码输入密码：1q2w3eroger是指定密码文件中的用户名::linuxsirhome 表示在rsyncd.conf中设置的模块名/tmp是从服务器目录(192.168.1.3/tmp)<br />
到此为止，rsync的两台主机之间(192.168.1.2/tmp和192.168.1.3/tmp)的rsync同步已经配置完毕，只要在从服务器执行上述命令输入密码即可同步。<br />
============================== 5&gt; 设置主从服务器定定时自动同步==============================<br />
自动同步要用到从服务器上的cron服务，关于cron的介绍请参考：linux定时执行系统我们在从服务器即192.168.1.3的/tmp目录下创建两个rsync.sh文件和rsync.secrets文件。rsync.sh文件是cron要执行的脚本文件。rsync.secrets是保存主服务器密码的文件。<br />
a&gt; 创建rsync.sh文件<br />
roger#cd /tmp<br />
roger#vim rsync.sh</p>
<p>写入:<br />
/usr/local/bin/rsync -vzrtopg --progress ubuntu@192.168.1.2::linuxsirhome /tmp --password-file=/tmp/rsync.secrets</p>
<p>退出保存。<br />
b&gt; 创建rsync.secrets密码文件<br />
roger#vim rsync.secrets</p>
<p>写入：<br />
1q2w3e</p>
<p>退出保存并修改权限：<br />
roger#chmod 600 rsync.secrets</p>
<p>c&gt; 配置cron服务<br />
roger#crontab -e</p>
<p>添加一行：*/1 * * * * /web/www/hiido/yy/rsync.sh //即每分钟同步一次退出保存。<br />
设置完毕，以后每隔一分钟即会把主服务器/tmp目录更新至从服务器/tmp。</p>
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		<title>基于Ubuntu平台的nagios快速指南</title>
		<link>http://blog.haohtml.com/archives/4704</link>
		<comments>http://blog.haohtml.com/archives/4704#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 19 Jul 2010 04:06:41 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[服务器类]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[监控]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[nagios]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ubuntu]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.haohtml.com/?p=4704</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[4.6.1. 介绍 本指南试图让你通过简单的指令以在20分钟内在Ubuntu平台上通过对Nagios的源程序的安装来监控本地主机。没有讨论更高级的设置项－只是一些基本操作，但这足以使95%的用户启动Nagios。 这些指令在基于Ubuntu6.10(桌面版)的系统下写成的。 What You'll End Up With 如果按照本指南安装，最后将是这样结果： Nagios和插件将安装到/usr/local/nagios Nagios将被配置为监控本地系统的几个主要服务(CPU负荷、磁盘利用率等) Nagios的Web接口是URL是http://localhost/nagios/ 4.6.2. 所需软件包 确认你安装好的系统上已经安装如下软件包再继续。 Apache2 GCC编译器与开发库 GD库与开发库 可以用apt-get命令来安装这些软件包，键入命令： sudo apt-get install apache2 sudo apt-get install build-essential sudo apt-get install libgd2-dev 4.6.3. 操作过程 1)建立一个帐号 切换为root用户 sudo -s 创建一个名为nagios的帐号并给定登录口令 /usr/sbin/useradd nagios passwd nagios 在Ubuntu服务器版(6.01或更高版本)，创建一个用户组名为nagios(默认是不创建的)。在Ubuntu桌面版上要跳过这一步。 /usr/sbin/groupadd nagios /usr/sbin/usermod -G nagios nagios 创建一个用户组名为nagcmd用于从Web接口执行外部命令。将nagios用户和apache用户都加到这个组中。 /usr/sbin/groupadd nagcmd /usr/sbin/usermod -G nagcmd nagios /usr/sbin/usermod [...]<table class="wumii-related-items" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" border="0"  style="clear: both;">
    
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div lang="zh-CN">
<div>
<div>
<div>
<h3>4.6.1. 介绍</h3>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>本指南试图让你通过简单的指令以在20分钟内在Ubuntu平台上通过对Nagios的源程序的安装来监控本地主机。没有讨论更高级的设置项－只是一些基本操作，但这足以使95%的用户启动Nagios。</p>
<p>这些指令在基于Ubuntu6.10(桌面版)的系统下写成的。</p>
<p><strong>What You'll End Up With</strong></p>
<p>如果按照本指南安装，最后将是这样结果：</p>
<div>
<ol type="1">
<li>Nagios和插件将安装到/usr/local/nagios</li>
<li>Nagios将被配置为监控本地系统的几个主要服务(CPU负荷、磁盘利用率等)</li>
<li>Nagios的Web接口是URL是http://localhost/nagios/</li>
</ol>
</div>
</div>
<div lang="zh-CN">
<div>
<div>
<div>
<h3><a name="d0e1588"></a>4.6.2. 所需软件包</h3>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>确认你安装好的系统上已经安装如下软件包再继续。</p>
<div>
<ol type="1">
<li>Apache2</li>
<li>GCC编译器与开发库</li>
<li>GD库与开发库</li>
</ol>
</div>
<p><span id="more-4704"></span>可以用<strong>apt-get</strong>命令来安装这些软件包，键入命令：</p>
<pre>
sudo apt-get install apache2
sudo apt-get install build-essential
sudo apt-get install libgd2-dev
</pre>
</div>
<div lang="zh-CN">
<div>
<div>
<div>
<h3><a name="d0e1608"></a>4.6.3. 操作过程</h3>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p><strong>1)建立一个帐号</strong></p>
<p>切换为root用户</p>
<pre>
sudo -s
</pre>
<p>创建一个名为<strong>nagios</strong>的帐号并给定登录口令</p>
<pre>
/usr/sbin/useradd nagios
passwd nagios
</pre>
<p>在Ubuntu服务器版(6.01或更高版本)，创建一个用户组名为<strong>nagios</strong>(默认是不创建的)。在Ubuntu桌面版上要跳过这一步。</p>
<pre>
/usr/sbin/groupadd nagios
/usr/sbin/usermod -G nagios nagios
</pre>
<p>创建一个用户组名为<strong>nagcmd</strong>用于从Web接口执行外部命令。将nagios用户和apache用户都加到这个组中。</p>
<pre>
/usr/sbin/groupadd nagcmd
/usr/sbin/usermod -G nagcmd nagios
/usr/sbin/usermod -G nagcmd www-data
</pre>
<p><strong>2)下载Nagios和插件程序包</strong></p>
<p>建立一个目录用以存储下载文件</p>
<pre>
mkdir ~/downloads
cd ~/downloads
</pre>
<p>下载Nagios和Nagios插件的软件包（访问<a href="http://www.nagios.org/download/" target="_top">http://www.nagios.org/download/</a>站点以获得最新版本），在写本文档时，最新的Nagios的软件版本是3.0rc1，Nagios插件的版本是1.4.11。</p>
<pre>
wget http://osdn.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/nagios/nagios-3.0rc1.tar.gz
wget http://osdn.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/nagiosplug/nagios-plugins-1.4.11.tar.gz
</pre>
<p><strong>3)编译与安装Nagios</strong></p>
<p>展开Nagios源程序包</p>
<pre>
cd ~/downloads
tar xzf nagios-3.0rc1.tar.gz
cd nagios-3.0rc1
</pre>
<p>运行Nagios配置脚本并使用先前开设的用户及用户组：</p>
<pre>
./configure --with-command-group=nagcmd
</pre>
<p>编译Nagios程序包源码</p>
<pre>
make all
</pre>
<p>安装二进制运行程序、初始化脚本、配置文件样本并设置运行目录权限</p>
<pre>
make install
make install-init
make install-config
make install-commandmode
</pre>
<p>现在还不能启动Nagios－还有一些要做的...</p>
<p><strong>4)客户化配置</strong></p>
<p>样例<a title="5.1. 配置概览" href="http://nagios-cn.sourceforge.net/nagios-cn/configuration.html#config">配置文件</a>默认安装在这个目录下<strong>/usr/local/nagios/etc</strong>，这些样例文件可以配置Nagios使之正常运行，只需要做一个简单的修改...</p>
<p>用你擅长的编辑器软件来编辑这个<strong>/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg</strong>配置文件，更改email地址<strong>nagiosadmin</strong>的联系人定义信息中的EMail信息为你的EMail信息以接收报警内容。</p>
<pre>vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg</pre>
<p><strong>5)配置WEB接口</strong></p>
<p>安装Nagios的WEB配置文件到Apache的conf.d目录下</p>
<pre>
make install-webconf
</pre>
<p>创建一个<strong>nagiosadmin</strong>的用户用于Nagios的WEB接口登录。记下你所设置的登录口令，一会儿你会用到它。</p>
<pre>
htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users nagiosadmin
</pre>
<p>重启Apache服务以使设置生效。</p>
<pre>
/etc/init.d/apache2 reload
</pre>
<p><strong>6)编译并安装Nagios插件</strong></p>
<p>展开Nagios插件的源程序包</p>
<pre>
cd ~/downloads
tar xzf nagios-plugins-1.4.11.tar.gz
cd nagios-plugins-1.4.11
</pre>
<p>编译并安装插件</p>
<pre>
./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios
make
make install
</pre>
<p><strong>7)启动Nagios</strong></p>
<p>把Nagios加入到服务列表中以使之在系统启动时自动启动</p>
<pre>
ln -s /etc/init.d/nagios /etc/rcS.d/S99nagios
</pre>
<p>验证Nagios的样例配置文件</p>
<pre>
/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
</pre>
<p>如果没有报错，可以启动Nagios服务</p>
<pre>
/etc/init.d/nagios start
</pre>
<p><strong>8)登录WEB接口</strong></p>
<p>你现在可以从WEB方式来接入Nagios的WEB接口了，你需要在提示下输入你的用户名(<strong>nagiosadmin</strong>)和口令，你刚刚设置的，这里用系统默认安装的浏览器，用下面这个超链接</p>
<pre>

http://localhost/nagios/
</pre>
<p>点击“服务详情”的引导超链来查看你本机的监视详情。你可能需要给点时间让Nagios来检测你机器上所依赖的服务因为检测需要些时间。</p>
<p><strong>9)其他的变更</strong></p>
<p>如果要接收Nagios的EMail警报，需要安装(Postfix)包</p>
<pre>
sudo apt-get install mailx
</pre>
<p>需要编辑Nagios里的EMail通知送出命令，它位于<strong>/usr/local/nagios/etc/commands.cfg</strong>文件中，将里面的'/bin/mail'全部替换为'/usr/bin/mail'。一旦设置好需要重启动Nagios以使配置生效。</p>
<pre>
sudo /etc/init.d/nagios restart
</pre>
<p>配置EMail的报警项超出了本文档的内容，指向你的系统档案用网页查找或是到这个站点<a href="http://www.nagioscommunity.org/wiki" target="_top">NagiosCommunity.org wiki</a>来查找更进一步的信息，以使Ubuntu系统上可以向外部地址发送EMail信息。</p>
<p>摘自:http://nagios-cn.sourceforge.net/nagios-cn/beginning.html</p>
</div>
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		<pubDate>Fri, 09 Jul 2010 04:22:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[前端设计]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[服务器类]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[集群]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[mysql]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[mysql集群]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ubuntu]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[介绍网络环境： 一、测试环境： Server1: ndbd 192.168.245.11 Server2: ndbd 192.168.245.12 Server3: mysqld –ndb-cluster 192.168.245.13 ndbd： 数据库节点。 mysqld –ndb-cluster： MySQL服务器节点，程序直接访问的是这台机器的IP。默认端口仍是3306。 ndbd_mgm ndbd_mgmd：管理节点。管理／查看各库节点和服务器节点的状态。 二、集群方案 1.管理节点:server3(192.168.245.13) 2.存储节点:server1(192.168.245.11),server2(192.168.245.12) 3.SQL节点:server1(192.168.245.11),server2(192.168.245.12),server3(192.168.245.13) 三、mysql安装和配置 1.安装，sudo apt-get install mysql-server 2.配置这三台服务器上配置my.cnf，这三台服务器都要配置 vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf —————————————–my.cnf开始——————————————– ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ cat /etc/mysql/my.cnf # # The MySQL database server configuration file. # # You can copy this to one of: # - “/etc/mysql/my.cnf” [...]<table class="wumii-related-items" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" border="0"  style="clear: both;">
    
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>介绍网络环境：</strong></p>
<p>一、测试环境：<br />
Server1: ndbd 192.168.245.11<br />
Server2: ndbd 192.168.245.12<br />
Server3: mysqld –ndb-cluster 192.168.245.13<br />
ndbd： 数据库节点。<br />
mysqld –ndb-cluster： MySQL服务器节点，程序直接访问的是这台机器的IP。默认端口仍是3306。<br />
ndbd_mgm ndbd_mgmd：管理节点。管理／查看各库节点和服务器节点的状态。</p>
<p>二、集群方案<br />
1.管理节点:server3(192.168.245.13)<br />
2.存储节点:server1(192.168.245.11),server2(192.168.245.12)<br />
3.SQL节点:server1(192.168.245.11),server2(192.168.245.12),server3(192.168.245.13)<br />
<span id="more-4551"></span><br />
三、mysql安装和配置</p>
<p>1.安装，sudo apt-get install mysql-server</p>
<p>2.配置这三台服务器上配置my.cnf，这三台服务器都要配置<br />
vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf<br />
—————————————–my.cnf开始——————————————–<br />
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ cat /etc/mysql/my.cnf<br />
#<br />
# The MySQL database server configuration file.<br />
#<br />
# You can copy this to one of:<br />
# - “/etc/mysql/my.cnf” to set global options,<br />
# - “~/.my.cnf” to set user-specific options.<br />
#<br />
# One can use all long options that the program supports.<br />
# Run program with –help to get a list of available options and with<br />
# –print-defaults to see which it would actually understand and use.<br />
#<br />
# For explanations see<br />
# <a href="http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html">http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/serve ... ables.html</a></p>
<p># This will be passed to all mysql clients<br />
# It has been reported that passwords should be enclosed with ticks/quotes<br />
# escpecially if they contain “#” chars…<br />
# Remember to edit /etc/mysql/debian.cnf when changing the socket location.<br />
[client]<br />
port = 3306<br />
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock</p>
<p># Here is entries for some specific programs<br />
# The following values assume you have at least 32M ram</p>
<p># This was formally known as [safe_mysqld]. Both versions are currently parsed.<br />
[mysqld_safe]<br />
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock<br />
nice = 0</p>
<p>[mysqld]<br />
#<br />
# * Basic Settings<br />
#</p>
<p>#<br />
# * IMPORTANT<br />
# If you make changes to these settings and your system uses apparmor, you may<br />
# also need to also adjust /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.mysqld.<br />
#</p>
<p>user = mysql<br />
pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid<br />
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock<br />
port = 3306<br />
basedir = /usr<br />
datadir = /var/lib/mysql<br />
tmpdir = /tmp<br />
language = /usr/share/mysql/english<br />
skip-external-locking<br />
#<br />
# Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on<br />
# localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure.<br />
# bind-address = 127.0.0.1<br />
#<br />
# * Fine Tuning<br />
#<br />
key_buffer = 16M<br />
max_allowed_packet = 16M<br />
thread_stack = 128K<br />
thread_cache_size = 8<br />
#max_connections = 100<br />
#table_cache = 64<br />
#thread_concurrency = 10<br />
#<br />
# * Query Cache Configuration<br />
#<br />
query_cache_limit = 1M<br />
query_cache_size = 16M<br />
#<br />
# * Logging and Replication<br />
#<br />
# Both location gets rotated by the cronjob.<br />
# Be aware that this log type is a performance killer.<br />
#log = /var/log/mysql/mysql.log<br />
#<br />
# Error logging goes to syslog. This is a Debian improvement <img title="{L_SMILIES_SMILE}" src="http://forum.ubuntu.org.cn/images/smilies/icon_e_smile.gif" alt=":)" /><br />
#<br />
# Here you can see queries with especially long duration<br />
#log_slow_queries = /var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log<br />
#long_query_time = 2<br />
#log-queries-not-using-indexes<br />
#<br />
# The following can be used as easy to replay backup logs or for replication.<br />
# note: if you are setting up a replication slave, see README.Debian about<br />
# other settings you may need to change.<br />
#server-id = 1<br />
#log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log<br />
expire_logs_days = 10<br />
max_binlog_size = 100M<br />
#binlog_do_db = include_database_name<br />
#binlog_ignore_db = include_database_name<br />
#<br />
# * BerkeleyDB<br />
#<br />
# Using BerkeleyDB is now discouraged as its support will cease in 5.1.12.<br />
skip-bdb<br />
#<br />
# * MyISAM<br />
#<br />
# MyISAM is enabled by default with a 10MB datafile in /var/lib/mysql/.<br />
# Read the manual for more MyISAM related options. There are many!<br />
# You might want to disable MyISAM to shrink the mysqld process by circa 100MB.<br />
#skip-innodb<br />
#<br />
# * Security Features<br />
#<br />
# Read the manual, too, if you want chroot!<br />
# chroot = /var/lib/mysql/<br />
#<br />
# For generating SSL certificates I recommend the OpenSSL GUI “tinyca”.<br />
#<br />
# ssl-ca=/etc/mysql/cacert.pem<br />
# ssl-cert=/etc/mysql/server-cert.pem<br />
# ssl-key=/etc/mysql/server-key.pem</p>
<p>ndbcluster<br />
ndb-connectstring=192.168.245.13</p>
<p>[mysqldump]<br />
quick<br />
quote-names<br />
max_allowed_packet = 16M</p>
<p>[mysql]<br />
#no-auto-rehash # faster start of mysql but no tab completition</p>
<p>[isamchk]<br />
key_buffer = 16M</p>
<p>#<br />
# * NDB Cluster<br />
#<br />
# See /usr/share/doc/mysql-server-*/README.Debian for more information.<br />
#<br />
# The following configuration is read by the NDB Data Nodes (ndbd processes)<br />
# not from the NDB Management Nodes (ndb_mgmd processes).<br />
#<br />
[MYSQL_CLUSTER]</p>
<p>ndb-connectstring=192.168.245.13</p>
<p>#<br />
# * IMPORTANT: Additional settings that can override those from this file!<br />
# The files must end with ‘.cnf’, otherwise they’ll be ignored.<br />
#<br />
!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/</p>
<p>ubuntu@ubuntu:~$<br />
———————————my.cnf结束———————————————————</p>
<p>主要在：[mysqld]下添加：</p>
<p>ndbcluster<br />
ndb-connectstring=192.168.245.13<br />
和添加<br />
[MYSQL_CLUSTER]</p>
<p>ndb-connectstring=192.168.245.13</p>
<p>上面三台服务器都要一样</p>
<p>2.配置ndb_mgmd.cnf（192.168.245.13服务器上配置）<br />
复制/usr/share/doc/mysql-server-5.0/examples/ndb_mgmd.cnf到/etc/mysql/ndb_mgmd.cnf</p>
<p>编辑ndb_mgmd.cnf<br />
——————-开始————</p>
<p>ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ cat /etc/mysql/ndb_mgmd.cnf<br />
[NDBD DEFAULT]<br />
NoOfReplicas=2<br />
DataMemory=10MB<br />
IndexMemory=25MB<br />
MaxNoOfTables=256<br />
MaxNoOfOrderedIndexes=256<br />
MaxNoOfUniqueHashIndexes=128</p>
<p>[MYSQLD DEFAULT]</p>
<p>[NDB_MGMD DEFAULT]</p>
<p>[TCP DEFAULT]</p>
<p>[NDB_MGMD]<br />
Id=1 # the NDB Management Node (this one)<br />
HostName=192.168.245.13<br />
DataDir= /var/lib/mysql-cluster</p>
<p>[NDBD]<br />
Id=2 # the first NDB Data Node<br />
HostName=192.168.245.11<br />
DataDir= /var/lib/mysql-cluster</p>
<p>[NDBD]<br />
Id=3 # the second NDB Data Node<br />
HostName=192.168.245.12<br />
DataDir=/var/lib/mysql-cluster</p>
<p>[MYSQLD]<br />
Id=4 # the first SQL node<br />
HostName=192.168.245.13<br />
[MYSQLD]<br />
Id=5 # the first SQL node<br />
HostName=192.168.245.11<br />
[MYSQLD]<br />
Id=6 # the first SQL node<br />
HostName=192.168.245.12</p>
<p>ubuntu@ubuntu:~$</p>
<p>——————-结束————</p>
<p>先启动：<br />
13服务器：</p>
<p>sudo /etc/init.d/mysql-ndb-mgm start</p>
<p>然后启动<br />
11.12服务器</p>
<p>sudo /etc/init.d/mysql-ndb start</p>
<p>最后启动，13.11.12服务器mysql服务<br />
sudo /etc/init.d/mysql start</p>
<p>测试：<br />
13服务器上：<br />
neo@mgm:~$ ndb_mgm<br />
– NDB Cluster — Management Client –<br />
ndb_mgm&gt; show<br />
Connected to Management Server at: localhost:1186<br />
Cluster Configuration<br />
———————<br />
[ndbd(NDB)] 2 node(s)<br />
id=2 @192.168.245.11 (Version: 5.0.51, Nodegroup: 0)<br />
id=3 @192.168.245.12 (Version: 5.0.51, Nodegroup: 0, Master)</p>
<p>[ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s)<br />
id=1 @192.168.245.13 (Version: 5.0.51)</p>
<p>[mysqld(API)] 2 node(s)<br />
id=4 @192.168.245.13 (Version: 5.0.51)<br />
id=5 @192.168.245.11 (Version: 5.0.51)<br />
id=5 @192.168.245.12 (Version: 5.0.51)</p>
<p>ndb_mgm&gt;</p>
<p>与没有使用簇的MySQL相比，在MySQL簇内操作数据的方式没有太大的区别。</p>
<p>执行这类操作时应记住三点</p>
<p>1.</p>
<p>表必须用ENGINE=NDB或ENGINE=NDBCLUSTER选项创建，或用ALTER TABLE选项更改，以使用NDB Cluster存储引擎在 Cluster内复制它们。如果使用mysqldump的输出从已有数据库导</p>
<p>入表，可在文本编辑器中打开SQL脚本，并将该选项添加到任何表创建语句，或用这类选项之一替换任何已有的ENGINE（或TYPE）选项。<br />
2.</p>
<p>另外还请记住，每个NDB表必须有一个主键。如果在创建表时用户未定义主键，NDB Cluster存储引擎将自动生成隐含的主键。（注释：该隐含 键也将占用空间，就像任何其他的表</p>
<p>索引一样。由于没有足够的内存来容纳这些自动创建的键，出现问题并不罕见）。<br />
3.</p>
<p>当你在一个节点上运行create database mydb;你去其他sql node上执行show databases;将不能看到mydb,你需要创建它，然后use mydb; show tables;你将看到同步的表。</p>
<p>SQL Node 1</p>
<p>neo@sql:~$ mysql -uroot -p<br />
Enter password:<br />
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.<br />
Your MySQL connection id is 7<br />
Server version: 5.0.51a-3ubuntu5.1 (Ubuntu)</p>
<p>Type ‘help;’ or ‘h’ for help. Type ‘c’ to clear the buffer.</p>
<p>mysql&gt; create database cluster;<br />
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)</p>
<p>mysql&gt; use cluster<br />
Database changed<br />
mysql&gt; create table city( id mediumint unsigned not null auto_increment primary key, name varchar(20) not null default ” ) engine = ndbcluster default</p>
<p>charset utf8;<br />
Query OK, 0 rows affected (1.07 sec)</p>
<p>mysql&gt; insert into city values(1, ‘Shenzhen’);<br />
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.12 sec)</p>
<p>mysql&gt; insert into city values(2, ‘Guangdong’);<br />
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)</p>
<p>SQL Node 2</p>
<p>neo@sql:~$ mysql -uroot -p<br />
Enter password:<br />
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.<br />
Your MySQL connection id is 7<br />
Server version: 5.0.51a-3ubuntu5.1 (Ubuntu)</p>
<p>Type ‘help;’ or ‘h’ for help. Type ‘c’ to clear the buffer.</p>
<p>mysql&gt; show databases;<br />
+——————–+<br />
| Database |<br />
+——————–+<br />
| information_schema |<br />
| example |<br />
| mydb |<br />
| mysql |<br />
| neo |<br />
+——————–+<br />
6 rows in set (0.13 sec)</p>
<p>mysql&gt; create database cluster;<br />
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)</p>
<p>mysql&gt; show databases;<br />
+——————–+<br />
| Database |<br />
+——————–+<br />
| information_schema |<br />
| cluster |<br />
| example |<br />
| mydb |<br />
| mysql |<br />
| neo |<br />
+——————–+<br />
6 rows in set (0.13 sec)</p>
<p>mysql&gt; use cluster;<br />
Reading table information for completion of table and column names<br />
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A</p>
<p>Database changed<br />
mysql&gt; show tables;<br />
+——————-+<br />
| Tables_in_cluster |<br />
+——————-+<br />
| city |<br />
+——————-+<br />
1 row in set (0.01 sec)</p>
<p>mysql&gt; select * from city;<br />
+—-+———–+<br />
| id | name |<br />
+—-+———–+<br />
| 1 | Shenzhen |<br />
| 2 | Guangdong |<br />
+—-+———–+<br />
2 rows in set (0.03 sec)</p>
<p>mysql&gt;</p>
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		<title>ubuntu关机命令</title>
		<link>http://blog.haohtml.com/archives/4531</link>
		<comments>http://blog.haohtml.com/archives/4531#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 08 Jul 2010 06:56:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[服务器类]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ubuntu]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[1. 关机命令 shutdown 好像ubuntu的终端中默认的是当前用户的命令，只是普通用户，因此在终端器中可以使用sudo -sh 转换到管理员root用户下执行命令。 1)shutdown --help 可以查看shutdown命令如何使用，当然也可以使用man shutdown命令。 2） shutdown -h now 现在立即关机 3）shutdown -r now 现在立即重启 4）shutdown -r +3 三分钟后重启 5）shutdown -h +3 "The System will shutdown after 3 minutes" 提示使用者将在三分钟后关机 6）shutdown -r 20:23 在20：23时将重启计算机 7）shutdown -r 20:23 &#38; 可以将在20：23时重启的任务放到后台去，用户可以继续操作终端 2. 中断命令 1）执行完命令后（若没有转到后台），可以使用CTRL+C来中止命令 2）kill 程序编码 当命令在后台执行时系统会返回一个程序编码，例如：在使用 shutdown -r 20:23 &#38; 系统返回系统编码：4905 我们可以使用kill [...]<table class="wumii-related-items" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" border="0"  style="clear: both;">
    
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>1. 关机命令 shutdown</strong></p>
<p>好像ubuntu的终端中默认的是当前用户的命令，只是普通用户，因此在终端器中可以使用sudo -sh 转换到管理员root用户下执行命令。</p>
<p>1)shutdown --help</p>
<p>可以查看shutdown命令如何使用，当然也可以使用man shutdown命令。</p>
<p>2） shutdown -h now 现在立即关机</p>
<p>3）shutdown -r now 现在立即重启</p>
<p>4）shutdown -r +3 三分钟后重启</p>
<p>5）shutdown -h +3 "The System will shutdown after 3 minutes" 提示使用者将在三分钟后关机</p>
<p>6）shutdown -r 20:23 在20：23时将重启计算机</p>
<p>7）shutdown -r 20:23 &amp; 可以将在20：23时重启的任务放到后台去，用户可以继续操作终端<span id="more-4531"></span></p>
<p><strong>2. 中断命令</strong></p>
<p>1）执行完命令后（若没有转到后台），可以使用CTRL+C来中止命令</p>
<p>2）kill 程序编码</p>
<p>当命令在后台执行时系统会返回一个程序编码，例如：在使用 shutdown -r 20:23 &amp; 系统返回系统编码：4905</p>
<p>我们可以使用kill 4905来中止重启命令</p>
<p><strong>3. ps aux | grep 程序编号</strong></p>
<p>我们如果知道程序的编号，我们可以使用ps aux |grep 程序编号来查询该程序编号对应的命令是什么。</p>
<p>例如上面的程序编号为4905 ，我们可以使用ps aux | grep 4905 就可以查到 shutdown -r 20:23 &amp; 的命令</p>
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		<title>Ubuntu下安装apache+php+mysql+phpmyadmin</title>
		<link>http://blog.haohtml.com/archives/4522</link>
		<comments>http://blog.haohtml.com/archives/4522#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 08 Jul 2010 05:02:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[服务器类]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[apache]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ubuntu]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[通过这篇文章，让我这个菜鸟成功的安装好了webserver需要的各种软件，特此转载下。 在windows xp系统中可以傻瓜化安装amp，即安装wamp server这个把apache、php、mysql、phpmyadmin集成在一起的套装即可，而且在选择apache模块时还特别方便，真是可以不 用动脑了。由于ubuntu现在的操作也基本傻瓜化了，安装lamp也同样方便，但由于其linux血统，有的地方还需要注意一下。以下简单说明步骤： 1、安装apahce2。 sudo apt-get install apache2 完成后在浏览器地址栏输入127.0.0.1或localhost测试一下，如果网页上显示It works，那么ok。 2、安装php5。 sudo apt-get install php5 一般会自动安装libapache2-mod-php5。有的指南上说，安装apache2后，只安装libapache2-mod-php5即可。要注意的是，安装完php5，别忘记重启apache2。 sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart 完成后，在浏览器中运行一下info.php，如果出现php安装完成的各种信息，就成功了。如果你没有info.php，自己写一个，放在/var/www目录下，很简单，如下： &#60;\?php info() \?&#62; 如果总是出现提示下载info.php文件的问题，不要在浏览器地址栏输入http://localhost/info.php，直接用ip地址试 一下，即http://127.0.0.1/info.php。有的指南上说，可以先 sudo a2enmod php5，然后使用sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart来重新启动APACHE。总之，一般php的安装不会出现问题。 3、安装mysql。 在php5下安装mysql，在终端输入如下命令： sudo apt-get install mysql-server libapache2-mod-auth-mysql php5-mysql 如果root帐号没有mysql密码，还要建立一个，具体方法看指南即可。以下从指南中抄一段： mysql -u root 进入MYSQL控制台，然后输入 mysql&#62; SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('yourpassword'); 如果成功MYSQL会提示 Query OK, [...]<table class="wumii-related-items" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" border="0"  style="clear: both;">
    
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<p><span style="font-family: Verdana, 'Lucida Grande', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 28px; font-size: 14px;"> </span><span style="font-family: Verdana, 'Lucida Grande', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; font-size: 14px; color: #444444; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px;">通过这篇文章，让我这个菜鸟成功的安装好了webserver需要的各种软件，特此转载下。</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: Verdana, 'Lucida Grande', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; font-size: 14px; color: #444444; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px;"></p>
<p style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">在windows xp系统中可以傻瓜化安装amp，即安装wamp server这个把apache、php、mysql、phpmyadmin集成在一起的套装即可，而且在选择apache模块时还特别方便，真是可以不 用动脑了。由于ubuntu现在的操作也基本傻瓜化了，安装lamp也同样方便，但由于其linux血统，有的地方还需要注意一下。以下简单说明步骤：<span id="more-4522"></span></p>
<p style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">1、安装apahce2。</p>
<blockquote style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 20px; margin-right: 30px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-left: 30px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 10px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 10px; border-top-width: 1px; border-right-width: 1px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-width: 10px; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f7f7f7; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-color: #3b5998; border-style: solid;">
<p style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">sudo apt-get install apache2</p>
</blockquote>
<p style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">完成后在浏览器地址栏输入127.0.0.1或localhost测试一下，如果网页上显示It works，那么ok。</p>
<p style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">2、安装php5。</p>
<blockquote style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 20px; margin-right: 30px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-left: 30px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 10px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 10px; border-top-width: 1px; border-right-width: 1px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-width: 10px; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f7f7f7; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-color: #3b5998; border-style: solid;">
<p style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">sudo apt-get install php5</p>
</blockquote>
<p style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">一般会自动安装libapache2-mod-php5。有的指南上说，安装apache2后，只安装libapache2-mod-php5即可。要注意的是，安装完php5，别忘记重启apache2。</p>
<blockquote style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 20px; margin-right: 30px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-left: 30px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 10px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 10px; border-top-width: 1px; border-right-width: 1px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-width: 10px; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f7f7f7; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-color: #3b5998; border-style: solid;">
<p style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart</p>
</blockquote>
<p style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">完成后，在浏览器中运行一下info.php，如果出现php安装完成的各种信息，就成功了。如果你没有info.php，自己写一个，放在/var/www目录下，很简单，如下：</p>
<blockquote style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 20px; margin-right: 30px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-left: 30px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 10px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 10px; border-top-width: 1px; border-right-width: 1px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-width: 10px; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f7f7f7; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-color: #3b5998; border-style: solid;">
<p style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">&lt;\?php info() \?&gt;</p>
</blockquote>
<p style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">如果总是出现提示下载info.php文件的问题，不要在浏览器地址栏输入http://localhost/info.php，直接用ip地址试 一下，即http://127.0.0.1/info.php。有的指南上说，可以先 sudo a2enmod php5，然后使用sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart来重新启动APACHE。总之，一般php的安装不会出现问题。</p>
<p style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">3、安装mysql。</p>
<p style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">在php5下安装mysql，在终端输入如下命令：</p>
<blockquote style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 20px; margin-right: 30px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-left: 30px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 10px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 10px; border-top-width: 1px; border-right-width: 1px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-width: 10px; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f7f7f7; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-color: #3b5998; border-style: solid;">
<p style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">sudo apt-get install mysql-server libapache2-mod-auth-mysql php5-mysql</p>
</blockquote>
<p style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">如果root帐号没有mysql密码，还要建立一个，具体方法看指南即可。以下从指南中抄一段：</p>
<blockquote style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 20px; margin-right: 30px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-left: 30px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 10px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 10px; border-top-width: 1px; border-right-width: 1px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-width: 10px; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f7f7f7; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-color: #3b5998; border-style: solid;">
<p style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">mysql -u root</p>
<p style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">进入MYSQL控制台，然后输入</p>
<p style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">mysql&gt; SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('yourpassword');</p>
<p style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">如果成功MYSQL会提示</p>
<p style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)</p>
<p style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">MYSQL命令可以多行执行，但是请您不要忘记，一定要以“；”分号结尾哦 。</p>
</blockquote>
<p style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">先不用建立新用户，安装phpmyadmin后，可在图形化界面下建立。</p>
<p style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">4、安装phpmyadmin。</p>
<p style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">这个要说一下，命令虽然很简单，如下：</p>
<blockquote style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 20px; margin-right: 30px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-left: 30px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 10px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 10px; border-top-width: 1px; border-right-width: 1px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-width: 10px; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f7f7f7; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-color: #3b5998; border-style: solid;">
<p style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">sudo apt-get install phpmyadmin</p>
</blockquote>
<p style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">但会默认安装到/usr/share目录下去，所以还要copy到/var/www目录下，先cd到/usr/share目录，用如下命令：</p>
<blockquote style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 20px; margin-right: 30px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-left: 30px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 10px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 10px; border-top-width: 1px; border-right-width: 1px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-width: 10px; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f7f7f7; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-color: #3b5998; border-style: solid;">
<p style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">sudo cp  -r -a /phpmyadmin/ /var/www</p>
</blockquote>
<p style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">-r是拷贝目录， -a 保持权限不变。然后，打开一个配置文件:</p>
<blockquote style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 20px; margin-right: 30px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-left: 30px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 10px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 10px; border-top-width: 1px; border-right-width: 1px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-width: 10px; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f7f7f7; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-color: #3b5998; border-style: solid;">
<p style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">sudo gedit /etc/phpmyadmin/apache.conf</p>
</blockquote>
<p style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">把alias一行改为如下形式，即把目录设置为/www/phpmyadmin：</p>
<blockquote style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 20px; margin-right: 30px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-left: 30px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 10px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 10px; border-top-width: 1px; border-right-width: 1px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-width: 10px; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f7f7f7; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-color: #3b5998; border-style: solid;">
<p style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">Alias /phpmyadmin /var/www/phpmyadmin</p>
</blockquote>
<p style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">重新启动apache。完成后在浏览器地址栏输入http://localhost/phpmyamin，按提示输入用户名和密码，因为前面没有建 立mysql新用户，这里输入root和root的mysql密码好了。进入图形管理界面后，建立一个用户，给他all previliges，即全部权限。 :lol:</p>
<p style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">建立一个blog或cms或其他什么名称的数据库，供你安装wordpress或其他文章管理程序或博客使用。</p>
<p style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">小结：</p>
<p style="word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">总之，现在无论在windows还是在ubuntu上，amp服务器配置都傻瓜化了，对我们菜鸟来说当然是好事。在ubuntu下看来要注意的是： 一、安装php5，用http://127.0.0.1/info.php测试一下，如果总是用http://localhost/info.php，可 能老是提示你下载info.php文件。二、phpmyadmin管理mysql数据库很方便，但默认安装到/usr/share，所以要拷贝到/var /www下面去才能工作，也别忘记在其配置文件中把虚拟目录改为/var/www/phpmyadmin。</p>
<p></span></div>
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