2013-01-25 更新的安装shell脚本,这里使用的是nginx1.2.6。点击查看shell安装脚本,测试环境：

Centos 6.3 X86_64
PHP 5.3.10
Nginx-1.2.6
memcached-1.4.15.tar.gz

以下教程参考上次写的lnmp安装教程http://blog.haohtml.com/archives/6051整理的,部分细节由于软件版本的变更也同时进行了增加和修改.

以下基于x64位操作系统(64位操作系统,64位cpu).查看方法参考:http://blog.haohtml.com/archives/11093

安装环境及软件:

Centos6.1 X86_64
mysql-5.5.22-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz
php-5.3.10.tar.gz
nginx-1.2.0.tar.gz

以上软件全部为截止当前日期 2012-2-5 为止最新稳定版的软件.

前期准备工作

yum -y install wget make zip unzip patch

cd /etc/yum.repos.d

mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.bak

wget -O CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo

vi CentOS-Base.repo
yum makecache

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers libevent libevent-devel

cd ~

mkdir soft
cd soft

一.安装Mysql数据库

需要安装libaio库

#yum -y install libaio

否则在初始化mysql系统表的时候会提示以下错误

Installing MySQL system tables…
./bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

以下为详细教程,也可以参考压缩包里的 INSTALL-BINARY 文件

groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql mysql

cd ~/soft/
tar zxvf mysql-5.5.24-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.5.24-linux2.6-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
cd /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysql .
chgrp -R mysql .
scripts/mysql_install_db –user=mysql
chown -R root .
chown -R mysql data

# Next command is optional
cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

修改 /etc/my.cnf 文件,将socket文件位置修改如下
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

# create mysql pid work dir

mkdir /var/run/mysqld/
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/run/mysqld/

bin/mysqld_safe –user=mysql &

# Next command is optional
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.server

#修改mysql密码
bin/mysqladmin -u root password ‘new-password’
bin/mysql -u root -p

=======
注册系统服务
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

#把msql的脚本文件拷到系统的启动目录下

cd /etc/init.d/
chkconfig –add mysqld #将mysql加到启动服务列表里
chkconfig mysqld on #让系统启动时自动打开mysql服务,如果指定级别,用–level参数

二.安装PHP

首先安装iconv,否则安装php的时候会提示这个错误

 cd ~/soft/

tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz

cd libiconv-1.13.1/

./configure –prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

cd ../

#########################################

tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/
./configure
make
make install
/sbin/ldconfig
cd libltdl/
./configure –enable-ltdl-install
make
make install
cd ../../

#########################################

tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
cd mhash-0.9.9.9/
./configure
make
make install

cd ../

安装php

tar zxvf php-5.3.10.tar.gz
cd php-5.3.10
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/php –with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc –with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql –with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config –with-iconv-dir=/usr/local –with-freetype-dir –with-jpeg-dir –with-png-dir –with-zlib –with-libxml-dir=/usr –enable-xml –disable-rpath –enable-safe-mode –enable-bcmath –enable-shmop –enable-sysvsem –enable-inline-optimization –with-curl –with-curlwrappers –enable-mbregex –enable-fpm –enable-mbstring –with-mcrypt –with-gd –enable-gd-native-ttf –with-openssl –with-mhash –enable-pcntl –enable-sockets –with-ldap –with-ldap-sasl –with-xmlrpc –enable-zip –enable-soap –without-pear
make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS=’-liconv’
make install
cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
cd ../

在configure过程中如果出现以下错误:

configure: error: Cannot find ldap libraries in /usr/lib.

解决办法:

cp -frp /usr/lib64/libldap* /usr/lib

如果在make的过程中出现以下错误:

/root/dev/php-5.3.10/sapi/cli/php: error while loading shared libraries:  libmysqlclient.so.18: cannot open shared object file: No such file or  directory
make: *** [ext/phar/phar.php] Error 127

解决办法🙁http://blog.haohtml.com/archives/12479)

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18  /usr/lib64/

如果用的是32位系统的话,则用

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18  /usr/lib/

如果按上面的操作,再次执行 make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS=’-liconv’ 后提示以下错误:

“chmod: cannot access `ext/phar/phar.phar’: No such file or directory”

只需要重装执行上面的configure命令即可.只需要在./configure的后面加上–without-pear 即可解决办法:http://blog.haohtml.com/archives/12482

如果在make install的时候还提示上面类似的错误,只需要重新从./configure开始再执行一下就可以了.

三.安装php扩展

tar zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz
cd memcache-2.2.5/
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
./configure –with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../

########################################

unzip eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.zip
cd eaccelerator-0.9.6.1/
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
./configure –enable-eaccelerator=shared –with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../

########################################

tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz
cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
./configure –with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config –with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql
make
make install
cd ../

########################################

tar zxvf ImageMagick-6.7.9-0.tar.gz
cd ImageMagick-6.7.9-0/
./configure
make
make install
cd ../

########################################

tar zxvf imagick-2.3.0.tgz
cd imagick-2.3.0/
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
./configure –with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../

===========================

修改php.ini文件,配置扩展
手工修改：查找/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir = “./”

#vi /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

修改为

extension_dir = “/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20090626”

并在此行后增加以下几行，然后保存：

extension = “memcache.so”
extension = “pdo_mysql.so”
extension = “imagick.so”

1.再查找output_buffering = Off,修改为 output_buffering = On.
2.为了安装起见，隐藏http头信息里的php信息,查找 expose_php = on 修改为 expose_php = off
3.再查找; cgi.fix_pathinfo=0，把前面的;注释符号删除，改为 cgi.fix_pathinfo=0，预防方法:防止Nginx文件类型错误解析漏洞。
4.找到;date.timezone= 修改为date.timezone = PRC,修正php中于真实时间相关8小时的问题.

配置eAccelerator加速PHP：

#mkdir -p /usr/local/eaccelerator_cache
#vi /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

按shift+g键跳到配置文件的最末尾，加上以下配置信息

[eaccelerator]
zend_extension=”/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20090626/eaccelerator.so”
eaccelerator.shm_size=”64″
eaccelerator.cache_dir=”/usr/local/eaccelerator_cache”
eaccelerator.enable=”1″
eaccelerator.optimizer=”1″
eaccelerator.check_mtime=”1″
eaccelerator.debug=”0″
eaccelerator.filter=””
eaccelerator.shm_max=”0″
eaccelerator.shm_ttl=”3600″
eaccelerator.shm_prune_period=”3600″
eaccelerator.shm_only=”0″
eaccelerator.compress=”1″
eaccelerator.compress_level=”9″

如果要安装ZendOptimizer的话，参考：http://blog.haohtml.com/archives/9180.注意扩展路径最后的日期目录在php5.3中发生了变化.zendOptimizer 3.3.9可能不支持php5.3.　 zend 官方推出了zendOptimzer的代替品Zend Opcache，并进行了开源.安装教程请参考：http://blog.haohtml.com/archives/14646, 注意同时只能用一个加速软件，同时使用多个加速软件可能会发生冲突．目前opcache和eaccelerator会发生冲突．

配置php-fpm

//创建www用户,php-fpm和nginx统一使用这个

groupadd www
useradd -g www www

cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

vi /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

修改以下两行,并将服务用户名和用户所在组(nobody),修改为www
user = www
group = www

启用php-fpm

/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm

停止的话,用

killall php-fpm

四 安装NGINX

#安装正则表达式库,支持rewite
tar zxvf pcre-8.21.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.21/
./configure
make && make install
cd ../

tar zxvf  nginx-1.2.0.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.2.0/
./configure –user=www –group=www –prefix=/usr/local/nginx –with-http_stub_status_module –with-http_ssl_module
make && make install
cd ../

vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

修改 /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf,删除user nobody;行前面的注释,并修改为 user www www;
将以下几行前面的注释删除,将修改fastcgi_param后面的路径

location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}

测试nginx.conf配置文件

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

启用nginx

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

重新加载配置文件

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

五.全局配置

vi /etc/rc.local

ulimit -SHn 65535

/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

vi /usr/local/nginx/html/phpinfo.php